Unit 3: The Continuity of Life Extras  Study Guide

Chapter 13 How Genes Work Review
  1. The flow of genetic information in eukaryotic cells can be summarized as the central : information encoded in is converted (expressed) into in two steps.
     
     
     
  2. Transcription takes place in the .
     
     
     
    • RNA assembles a primary RNA transcript.
       
       
       
    • The primary RNA transcript is to form mature RNA (mRNA) which exits the nucleus.
       
       
       
    • Sequences of 3 nucleotides serve as to translate the mRNA into sequences of acids, using a genetic .
     
     
     
  3. Translation takes place in the , on ribosomes.
     
     
     
    • Molecules called RNA (tRNA) bind to specific amino acids.
       
       
       
    • The ribosome reads the and uses molecules to build a polypeptide chain,
     
     
     
  4. Summary of the central dogma: the code must be "read" in the correct reading for the message to be interpreted correctly. 
     
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