Unit 2: The Living Cell
Extras
Study Guide
Chapter 6
Energy and Life
Review
Energy is the ability to do
and exists in two states:
energy and
energy
.
Energy
flows
from the sun to
and
in most ecosystems.
Living systems transfer energy in
reactions which follow the
laws
of
, or energy change.
The
law of thermodynamics (
of energy) states that energy can neither be
nor
, only
changed
from one form to another.
The
law of
thermodynamics
states that
in a system always increases as the result of the conversion of
energy into random molecular motion (heat).
Chemical
reactions
can be
or
, but may require a
to speed up the
process
.
Proteins that act as catalysts are called
and act by binding reactants of a
reaction
to its
site
, lowering the
energy of the reaction.
An
enzyme
can be regulated by altering its shape in response to the binding of a
molecule.
Factors that affect enzyme function include
and
, and enzymes need an
optimal
range of these conditions.
triphosphate
(ATP) is the main energy currency of the cell.
Energy from
and aerobic
is stored in ATP, which can be
hydrolyzed
for cellular work.
Energy from
is used to power many of the cell's
activities
.
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Feb 7, 2012
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