The human genome contains only about 1% protein-encoding genes.
The rest consists of:
- Introns are non-coding DNA interspersed between segments of exons.
- Duplicated and repeated sequences are short DNA sequences that are
repeated many times.
- Structural DNA are highly condensed
around the centromere
and are untranscribed.
- Transposable elements are DNA sequences that can "jump" between chromosomes, leading to
transpositions.